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DATA SCIENCE PYTHON PLAYGROUND

Machine Learning · Learn / Refresh

← PCA lessonsQUESTIONS · MODELS · EVIDENCE
Reading a representation · ML-P06 · 12–18 MIN

Two dimensions are a view

Separate a display from the retained representation.

Exercises within this concept

  1. FollowRead and run the PythonCurrent exercise
  2. ChangeAdapt the Python
  3. TransferExplain the Python result

Understand the idea

A two-component picture may show much less variation than the full reduced representation. Label the variance visible in it. Optional reference colouring belongs after fitting and does not prove classes are recovered.

Separate a display from the retained representation.PC1PC2Variance by componentNew axes combine measurements.
Schematic · Separate a display from the retained representation.Scroll the diagram horizontally if needed.

Python skill: Selects the first two component coordinates for every row.

Meet the syntax

scores[:, :2]
ratios[:2].sum()
scores[:, :2]
Selects the first two component coordinates for every row.
ratios[:2].sum()
Reports how much input variance those two plotted axes display, independently of the retained dimension.

Follow the code

Use the numbered comments to connect each Python block to the workflow above.

answer=float(pca.explained_variance_ratio_[:2].sum())

This practice: Read and run the Python. Next: Change · Two dimensions are a view.

Given data · PCA48

48 observations. Deterministic teaching observations; values illustrate the concept rather than a real population claim. The dataframe df is supplied afresh for each Run.

Reference labels are omitted from this preview and must remain outside fitting.

PCA48 · first 8 prepared rows
abcde
103.04750.862222.715744.61840.906993
89.600244.301520.270340.1253-0.680116
107.50553.952121.156541.70090.818161
109.40654.250122.525244.90951.39291
80.489640.055714.171429.4087-3.27953
86.978244.138718.721337.5997-1.70077
101.27850.461118.118536.0784-0.343557
96.837648.787517.444533.8533-0.987809

Column meanings and units

Column names describe the supplied features and target. Keep the stated units and row identities when making comparisons.

Synthetic data are deliberately small and reproducible. Their patterns illustrate an idea; they are not evidence about a real population.

Input schema
ColumnStored type
afloat64
bfloat64
cfloat64
dfloat64
efloat64
Supplied setup · available if you need to inspect it

This code runs before your editor on every Run. These are the objects your exercise uses.

from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
X=df.copy()
scaler=StandardScaler()
scaled=scaler.fit_transform(X)
pca=PCA().fit(scaled)
scores=pca.transform(scaled)

Your task · Follow

Report the variation visible in the first two axes.

Hint 1 — Think

The visible two-dimensional view may retain less variation than the full chosen representation.

Hint 2 — Tools

Summing the first two explained-variance ratios.

Hint 3 — Approach

Add the ratios for the plotted axes and report the resulting fraction.

Explained solution
answer=float(pca.explained_variance_ratio_[:2].sum())

The fraction states how much fitted input variation the picture can show and qualifies what it omits.

Helpful prior knowledge: Select a retained representation · Component weights and scores These links are guidance, not locks.

Sources and API context

Examples run with this Playground’s scikit-learn 1.4.2 / Pyodide 0.26.4 runtime.

Your task · Follow

Report the variation visible in the first two axes.

answer

Ctrl/⌘+Enter: Run · Tab: indent · Esc then Tab: leave editor

Python loads when you run. Code and results stay in this activity only.

Run your code to inspect its output. Check uses that same run.